Impacto pronóstico de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y el asma bronquial en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca / Prognostic impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma in patients with heart failure

Propósito Analizar el impacto de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) y el asma bronquial sobre el manejo terapéutico y el pronóstico de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC). Métodos Análisis de la información contenida en un registro clínico de pacientes remitidos a una unidad especializada de IC entre enero de 2010 y junio de 2022. Se compararon su perfil clínico, el tratamiento y el pronóstico en base a la presencia de EPOC o asma bronquial. El análisis de supervivencia se realizó mediante los métodos de Kaplan-Meier y Cox. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 1.493 días. Resultados Se estudiaron 2.577 pacientes, de los cuales 251 (9,7%) presentaban EPOC y 96 (3,7%), asma bronquial. Observamos diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos con respecto a la prescripción de betabloqueantes (EPOC=89,6%; asma=87,5%; no broncopatía=94,1%; p=0,002) e inhibidores del cotransportador de sodio-glucosa tipo2 (EPOC=35,1%; asma=50%; no broncopatía=38,3%; p=0,036). Además, los pacientes con patología bronquial recibieron con menor frecuencia un desfibrilador (EPOC=20,3%; asma=20,8%; no broncopatía=29%; p=0,004). La presencia de EPOC se asoció de forma independiente con mayor riesgo de muerte por cualquier causa (HR=1,64; IC95%: 1,33-2,02), muerte u hospitalización por IC (HR=1,47; IC95%: 1,22-1,76) y muerte cardiovascular o trasplante cardiaco (HR=1,39; IC95%: 1,08-1,79) en comparación con la ausencia de broncopatía. La presencia de asma bronquial no se asoció a un impacto significativo sobre los desenlaces analizados. Conclusiones La EPOC, pero no el asma bronquial, es un factor pronóstico adverso e independiente en pacientes con IC. (AU)

Purpose To analyze the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchial asthma on therapeutic management and prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF). Methods Analysis of the information collected in a clinical registry of patients referred to a specialized HF unit from January-2010 to June-2012. Clinical profile, treatment and prognosis of patients was evaluated, according to the presence of COPD or asthma. Survival analyses were conducted by means of Kaplan-Meier and Cox's methods. Median follow-up was 1493 days. Results We studied 2577 patients, of which 251 (9.7%) presented COPD and 96 (3.7%) bronchial asthma. Significant differences among study groups were observed regarding to the prescription of beta-blockers (COPD=89.6%; asthma=87.5%; no bronchopathy=94.1%; P=.002) and SGLT2 inhibitors (COPD=35.1%; asthma=50%; no bronchopathy=38.3%; P=.036). Also, patients with bronchial disease received less frequently a defibrillator (COPD=20.3%; asthma=20.8%; no broncopathy=29%; P=.004). COPD was independently associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR=1.64; 95%CI: 1.33-2.02), all-cause death or HF admission (HR=1.47; 95%CI: 1.22-1.76) and cardiovascular death or heart transplantation (HR=1.39; 95%CI: 1.08-1.79) as compared with patients with no bronchopathy. Bronchial asthma was not significantly associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes. Conclusions COPD, but not asthma, is an adverse independent prognostic factor in patients with HF. (AU)

Prognostic impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma in patients with heart failure.

PURPOSE: To analyze the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchial asthma on therapeutic management and prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS: Analysis of the information collected in a clinical registry of patients referred to a specialized HF unit from January-2010 to June-2012. Clinical profile, treatment and prognosis of patients was evaluated, according to the presence of COPD or asthma. Survival analyses were conducted by means of Kaplan-Meier and Cox's methods. Median follow-up was 1493 days. RESULTS: We studied 2577 patients, of which 251 (9.7%) presented COPD and 96 (3.7%) bronchial asthma. Significant differences among study groups were observed regarding to the prescription of beta-blockers (COPD=89.6%; asthma=87.5%; no bronchopathy=94.1%; p=0.002) and SGLT2 inhibitors (COPD=35.1%; asthma=50%; no bronchopathy=38.3%; p=0.036). Also, patients with bronchial disease received less frequently a defibrillator (COPD=20.3%; asthma=20.8%; no broncopathy=29%; p=0.004). COPD was independently associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR=1.64; 95% CI 1.33-2.02), all-cause death or HF admission (HR=1.47; 95% CI 1.22-1.76) and cardiovascular death or heart transplantation (HR=1.39; 95% CI 1.08-1.79) as compared with patients with no bronchopathy. Bronchial asthma was not significantly associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: COPD, but not asthma, is an adverse independent prognostic factor in patients with HF.

Clinical profile and causes of death according to ejection fraction in patients with heart failure cared for in a specialized Cardiology unit.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients with heart failure are classified into three phenotypes based on left ventricular ejection fraction. This work aimed to compare the clinical profile, treatment, prognosis, and causes of death of patients with heart failure and reduced (<40%, HF-rEF), preserved (≥50%, HF-pEF), or mid-range (40-49%, HF-mrEF) left ventricular ejection fraction. METHODS: An analysis was conducted on the clinical data included in a prospective registry of patients with heart failure who were referred to a specific Cardiology unit from 2010 to 2019. RESULTS: A total of 1404 patients with HF-rEF, 239 patients with HF-mrEF, and 266 patients with HF-pEF were analyzed. Significant differences were observed among the groups in regard to several clinical characteristics and the frequency of prescription of neurohormonal blocking drugs. A multivariate Cox regression revealed an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with HF-pEF (hazard ratio 1.36; 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.80; p = 0.028) and patients with HF-mrEF (hazard ratio 1.36; 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.78; p = 0.029) as compared to patients with HF-rEF. Heart failure was the most frequent cause of death in the three subgroups. A higher relative weight of sudden death as a cause of death was observed among patients with HF-rEF while the relative weight of non-cardiovascular causes of death was higher among patients with HF-pEF and HF-mrEF. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the existence of significant differences among patients with HF-rEF, HF-mrEF, and HF-pEF with regard to their clinical profile, therapeutic management, prognosis, and causes of death.

Perfil clínico y causas de muerte de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca atendidos en una unidad especializada de Cardiología según su fracción de eyección / Clinical profile and causes of death according to ejection fraction in patients with heart failure cared for in a specialized Cardiology unit

Antecedente y objetivo: Los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca se caracterizan en 3 fenotipos en función de su fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda. El propósito de este estudio fue comparar el perfil clínico, el tratamiento, el pronóstico y las causas de muerte de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca y fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda reducida (<40%, IC-FEr), preservada (≥50%, IC-FEp) o en rango medio (40-49%, IC-FErm). Metodología: Análisis de la información clínica recogida en un registro prospectivo de pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca remitidos a una consulta monográfica de Cardiología entre 2010 y 2019. Resultados: Se estudiaron 1.404 pacientes con IC-FEr, 239 pacientes con IC-FErm y 266 pacientes con IC-FEp. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre los 3 grupos en relación con diversas características clínicas, y en cuanto a la tasa de prescripción de fármacos moduladores de la respuesta neurohormonal. La regresión de Cox multivariante reveló un incremento del riesgo de muerte por cualquier causa en los pacientes con IC-FEp (hazard-ratio 1,36; intervalo de confianza al 95% 1,03-1,80; p=0,028) e IC-FErm (hazard-ratio 1,36; intervalo de confianza al 95% 1,03-1,78; p=0,029) en comparación con los pacientes con IC-FEr. La insuficiencia cardíaca fue la causa más frecuente de muerte en los 3 grupos; se observó un mayor peso relativo de la muerte súbita en los pacientes con IC-FEr, mientras que las causas no cardiovasculares de muerte tuvieron un peso relativo mayor en los pacientes con IC-FEp e IC-FErm. Conclusiones: El estudio confirma la existencia de diferencias significativas en el perfil clínico, manejo terapéutico, pronóstico y causas de muerte de los pacientes con IC-FEr, IC-FErm e IC-FEp (AU)

Background and objective: Patients with heart failure are classified into three phenotypes based on left ventricular ejection fraction. This work aimed to compare the clinical profile, treatment, prognosis, and causes of death of patients with heart failure and reduced (<40%, HF-rEF), preserved (≥50%, HF-pEF), or mid-range (40–49%, HF-mrEF) left ventricular ejection fraction. Methods: An analysis was conducted on the clinical data included in a prospective registry of patients with heart failure who were referred to a specific Cardiology unit from 2010 to 2019. Results: A total of 1,404 patients with HF-rEF, 239 patients with HF-mrEF, and 266 patients with HF-pEF were analyzed. Significant differences were observed among the groups in regard to several clinical characteristics and the frequency of prescription of neurohormonal blocking drugs. A multivariate Cox regression revealed an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with HF-pEF (hazard ratio 1.36; 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.80; p=0.028) and patients with HF-mrEF (hazard ratio 1.36; 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.78; p=0.029) as compared to patients with HF-rEF. Heart failure was the most frequent cause of death in the three subgroups. A higher relative weight of sudden death as a cause of death was observed among patients with HF-rEF while the relative weight of non-cardiovascular causes of death was higher among patients with HF-pEF and HF-mrEF. Conclusions: This study confirms the existence of significant differences among patients with HF-rEF, HF-mrEF, and HF-pEF with regard to their clinical profile, therapeutic management, prognosis, and causes of death (AU)

Soporte ventricular tipo ECMO como puente a ablación en shock cardiogénico refractario secundario a taquimiocardiopatía / Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ventricular support as a bridge to ablation in refractory cardiogenic shock refractory to tachycardia-induce cardiomyopathy

No disponible

Planificación preoperatoria con ecodoppler en la revascularización de miembros inferiores / Pre-operative planning with doppler color ultrasound in lower limb arterial revascularization

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la validez de la cartografía arterial con ecodoppler respecto a la arteriografía para la detección de lesiones significativas y la planificación preoperatoria en los pacientes con enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP). MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal de validación de prueba diagnóstica, incluyendo pacientes consecutivos intervenidos de EAP en nuestro centro. Se registraron variables basales, clínicas y factores de riesgo. Se analizaron los ejes ilio-femoropoplíteos, valorando los parámetros ecográficos de la lesión (estenosis < 50%; 50-69%; ≥ 70% y oclusión) así como la planificación quirúrgica propuesta (endovascular, cirugía abierta o cirugía combinada) comparándolos con los hallazgos arteriográficos, sin valorar los vasos distales. RESULTADOS: Desde enero del 2012 hasta diciembre del 2013 se incluyeron 145 extremidades inferiores de 143 pacientes. El grado de concordancia kappa en la detección de estenosis significativas y oclusiones fue mayor que 0,85 en el sector ilíaco, de uno en el sector femoral y 0,98 en el sector poplíteo. El grado de concordancia kappa entre el procedimiento indicado en función de la cartografía y el que finalmente se realizó fue 0,75. CONCLUSIONES: Nuestra experiencia muestra que la cartografía arterial con ecodoppler es una técnica válida para la planificación preoperatoria en los pacientes con EAP, presentando mayor grado de concordancia en el segmento femoropoplíteo

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study is to evaluate the validity of the doppler arterial mapping compared to angiography for the detection of significant lesions, and preoperative planning in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-validation study of diagnostic test, including consecutive patients with PAD who were treated in our institution. Baseline clinical variables and risk factors were recorded. The ilio-femoro-popliteal axis were analyzed, assessing the ultrasound parameters of the lesion (stenosis <50%, 50-69%,≥70%, or occlusion) and the proposed surgical planning(endovascular, open surgery, or combined surgery) compared with angiographic findings without evaluating the distal vessels. RESULTS: A total of 145 lower limbs of 143 patients were included from January 2012 to December 013. Kappa agreement in the detection of significant stenosis and occlusions was increased to 0.85 in the iliac sector, 1.0 in the femoral sector, and 0.98 in the popliteal sector. The closeness of agreement between the kappa procedure based on mapping and that finally performed was 0.75. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience shows that the arterial mapping with doppler color ultrasound is valid for preoperative planning in patients with PAD, showing a greater degree of consistenc yin the femoro-popliteal segment

Comparison of the performance of the CRUSADE, ACUITY-HORIZONS, and ACTION bleeding risk scores in STEMI undergoing primary PCI: insights from a cohort of 1391 patients.

AIMS: To compare the performance of the CRUSADE, ACUITY-HORIZONS, and ACTION risk models in the ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). METHODS: We studied all consecutive patients with STEMI who underwent PPCI at our institution between 2006 and 2010 (n=1391). The CRUSADE, ACUITY-HORIZONS, and ACTION risk scores were calculated based on the patients' clinical characteristics. The occurrence of in-hospital major bleeding (defined as the composite of intracranial or intraocular bleeding, access site haemorrhage requiring intervention, reduction in haemoglobin ≥4 g/dl without or ≥3g/dl with overt bleeding source, reoperation for bleeding, or blood transfusion) reached 9.8%. Calibration and discrimination of the three risk models were evaluated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and the C-statistic, respectively. We compared the predictive accuracy of the risk scores by the DeLong non-parametric test. RESULTS: Calibration of the three risk scores was adequate, given the non-significant results of Hosmer-Lemeshow test for the three risk models. Discrimination of CRUSADE, ACUITY-HORIZONS, and ACTION models was good (C-statistic 0.77, 0.70, and 0.78, respectively). The CRUSADE and ACTION risk scores had a greater predictive accuracy than the ACUITY-HORIZONS risk model (z=3.89, p-value=0.0001 and z=3.51, p-value=0.0004, respectively). There was no significant difference between the CRUSADE and ACTION models (z=0.63, p=0.531). CONCLUSIONS: The CRUSADE, ACUITY-HORIZONS, and ACTION scores are useful tools for the risk stratification of bleeding in STEMI treated by PPCI. Our findings favour the CRUSADE and ACTION risk models over the ACUITY-HORIZONS risk score.

Tratamiento hibrido de la isquemia mesentérica aguda / Hybrid treatment of acute mesenteric ischaemia

No disponible

Endarterectomía femoral y angioplastia endovascular simultánea / Simultaneous femoral endarterectomy and endovascular angioplasty

Introducción: El tratamiento endovascular asociado a endarterectomía (EA) de la arteria femoral común (AFC) es una buena alternativa a la cirugía aortoilíaca y/o femoropoplítea. El objetivo del estudio es analizar nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento híbrido de la EA en la AFC y angioplastia endovascular simultánea. Material y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de pacientes con enfermedad ateroesclerótica de la AFC tratados mediante EA con parche y simultáneo tratamiento endovascular ilíaco y/o femoropoplíteo entre 2004 y 2010. Resultados: Se intervinieron 50 pacientes (44 varones, 88%) con edad media de 69,4±9,41 años. Presentaban isquemia crítica 25 (50%). Se intervinieron mediante EA femoral y angioplastia ilíaca (grupo 1): 36 casos (72%) y con EA femoral y angioplastia femoropoplítea (grupo 2): 14 (28%). El éxito técnico fue del 94%. No hubo mortalidad perioperatoria. La estancia hospitalaria fue 10,7±8,28 días. El tiempo mediano de seguimiento fue: 24,18 meses (RIC: 9,6-34,4). La permeabilidad primaria a 12, 24 y 36 meses fue del 91, 83 y 74%. En esos mismos períodos temporales la primaria asistida fue del 94, 86 y 81%; el salvamento de extremidad fue del 92, 92 y 88% y la supervivencia del 92, 86 y 82%. La permeabilidad primaria fue superior en el grupo 1 (log-rank test, p=0,044). Comentarios: La EA femoral con angioplastia endovascular simultánea presenta resultados satisfactorios con escasa morbimortalidad, y es una buena alternativa a la cirugía clásica(AU)

Introduction: Endovascular treatment combined with endarterectomy (EA) of the common femoral artery (CFA) is a good alternative to aorto-iliac and/or femoropopliteal surgery. The objective of this study is to analyse our experience in the hybrid treatment of EA in the CFA and simultaneous endovascular angioplasty. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with atherosclerotic disease of the CFA treated by means of EA with a patch and simultaneous endovascular iliac and/or femoropopliteal treatment between 2004 and 2010.ResultsA total of 50 patients were treated, of whom 44 (88%) were males, and with a mean age 69.4±9.41 years. Critical ischaemia was present in 25 (50%) of cases. Femoral EA and iliac angioplasty was performed in Group 1: 36 (72%) of cases, and Group 2 with femoral EA and femoropopliteal angioplasty in Group 2: 14 (28%). The technical success was 94%, with no perioperative mortality. The mean hospital stay was 10.7±8.28 days. The median follow-up time was 24.18 months (IQR 9.6-34.4). The primary patency at 12, 24 and 36 months was 91%, 83% and 74%, respectively. Within these same time periods the assisted primary patency rates were 94%, 86% and 81%; limb salvage was 92%, 92% and 88% and a survival of 92%, 86% and 82%, respectively. The primary patency was higher in Group 1 (log-rank test, P=.044). Conclusions: Femoral EA with simultaneous endovascular angioplasty shows satisfactory results with a low morbidity and mortality and is a good alternative to classic surgery(AU)